{"id": "m-fd9e7011bc", "slug": "niagara-falls-rainbow-mall", "type": "mall", "name": "Rainbow Mall", "aka": ["Niagara Falls Culinary Institute", "Rainbow Centre Factory Outlet"], "city": "Niagara Falls", "county": "Niagara County", "state": "NY", "country": "US", "census_division": 2, "lat": 43.08655, "lon": -79.06231, "geocode_method": null, "address": null, "metro": null, "original_use": "mall", "year_opened": null, "year_closed": null, "acres": null, "gla_sqft": null, "stores_peak": null, "levels": null, "original_developer": null, "original_architect": null, "before_notes": "Wikipedia categories: Abandoned shopping malls in the United States", "strategy": ["reinhabit"], "new_use": null, "share_retrofit": "partial", "status": "partial", "year_retrofit": 2012, "developer": null, "architect": null, "after_notes": "• Partial reinhabitation: education", "narrative": "Rainbow Centre Factory Outlet, formerly the Rainbow Centre Mall is an abandoned mall in Niagara Falls, New York, adjacent to the now-demolished Wintergarden indoor botanical garden on its southern end.", "narrative_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "narrative_source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_Centre_Factory_Outlet", "zoning_change": null, "public_subsidy": null, "entitlement_year": null, "planning_notes": null, "wikidata_qid": "Q7284597", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_Centre_Factory_Outlet", "osm_id": null, "verified": "curated", "verified_by": null, "last_verified": null, "last_updated": "2026-10-20", "created": "2026-10-18", "contributor_name": null, "contributor_org": null, "contributor_link": null, "international": 0, "county_fips": "36063", "opp_score": 0.0, "opp_reasons": ["retrofit already built"], "for_sale": 0, "distressed": 0, "url": "https://retrofitatlas.org/malls/ny/niagara-falls-rainbow-mall/", "events": [{"year": 2012, "date": null, "kind": "retrofit", "detail": "Retrofit: reinhabit", "source_id": null}], "sources": [{"id": 166, "site_id": "m-fd9e7011bc", "url": "https://www.arcgis.com/apps/mapviewer/index.html?webmap=ce33ab2637374aab862b8a23847f620f", "title": "Retrofitting Suburbia Interactive Mall Map (ArcGIS web map ce33ab26…)", "publisher": null, "date": "2021-01-20", "quote": null, "kind": "news", "license": null, "retrieved": "2026-10-18"}, {"id": 167, "site_id": "m-fd9e7011bc", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_Centre_Factory_Outlet", "title": "Wikipedia: Rainbow Centre Factory Outlet", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "date": "2026-08-23", "quote": null, "kind": "wikipedia", "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "retrieved": "2026-10-18"}], "deals": [], "parties": [], "parcels": [], "context": {"assessment": {"what_happened": "Rainbow Mall opened as Rainbow Centre Mall and later operated as Rainbow Centre Factory Outlet before becoming abandoned. In 2012 it underwent a retrofit to reinhabit the space, partially converting it to educational use for the Niagara Falls Culinary Institute. The site remains built but only partially occupied.", "why": "The record does not specify the causes of decline or abandonment; no anchor losses, competition, debt, or demolition reasons are stated.", "where_it_stands": "The mall is currently built with partial reinhabitation for education, but the record does not identify the controlling owner or entity.", "for_a_planner": ["Demonstrates a reinhabit strategy that repurposed vacant mall space for educational use.", "Policy tools implied include adaptive reuse incentives and public‑private partnerships for retrofitting vacant retail.", "Open questions involve achieving full occupancy, integrating with surrounding urban fabric, and addressing long‑term financial sustainability."], "for_a_developer": ["Site size and exact boundaries are not provided in the record.", "Control/ownership is unspecified; the retrofit appears led by an educational tenant (Niagara Falls Culinary Institute).", "Entitlement stage is complete (built, 2012 retrofit), with no further zoning changes indicated.", "Context layer constraints: low transit commute share (4%), high renter share (78%), high vacancy (26.6%), and low median household income ($36,494) suggest limited market strength; no flood or environmental constraints are noted."], "risks_and_unknowns": ["Opening year and original anchor tenant list are unknown.", "Reasons for initial abandonment (anchor loss, competition, debt) are not stated.", "Current ownership and leasing control are not identified.", "Full site dimensions, parking capacity, and any subdivision details are missing.", "Potential floodplain, environmental, or utility constraints are not described in the context layer.", "The tract data is model‑extracted and marked as retrieved 2026‑10‑15, indicating it may be projected rather than observed."], "data_quality": "partial", "one_line": "Rainbow Mall, abandoned then partially reinhabited in 2012 for education, remains underused amid low-income, high-vacancy 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"2026-10-20"}, "nrhp": {"count": 6, "places": [{"name": "Jefferson Apartment Building", "type": "building", "ref": "04001452"}, {"name": "United Office Building", "type": "building", "ref": "05001537"}, {"name": "Niagara, The", "type": "building", "ref": "08001145"}, {"name": "First Presbyterian Manse", "type": "building", "ref": "12000367"}, {"name": "First Presbyterian Church", "type": "building", "ref": "14000145"}, {"name": "Buildings on Niagara Street at Fourth Street", "type": "building", "ref": "100008345"}], "retrieved": "2026-10-15"}, "nri": {"tract": "36063021100", "risk_score": 4.4, "risk_rating": "Very Low", "eal_score": 2.0, "eal_rating": "Very Low", "expected_annual_loss_usd": 272791, "social_vulnerability": "Very High", "community_resilience": "Very High", "hazards": {"hurricane": "Very Low", "tornado": "Very Low", "inland flooding": "Relatively Low", "heat wave": "Very Low", "wildfire": "Very Low", "earthquake": "Very Low", "hail": "Very Low", "strong wind": "Relatively 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