{
 "id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
 "slug": "richmond-cloverleaf-mall",
 "type": "mall",
 "name": "Cloverleaf Mall",
 "aka": [
  "Stonebridge"
 ],
 "city": "Richmond",
 "county": "Chesterfield",
 "state": "VA",
 "country": "US",
 "census_division": 5,
 "lat": 37.49861,
 "lon": -77.52679,
 "geocode_method": null,
 "address": "Midlothian Tpke. & Rt. 150",
 "metro": null,
 "original_use": "mall",
 "year_opened": 1972,
 "year_closed": 2008,
 "acres": null,
 "gla_sqft": 800000,
 "stores_peak": 45,
 "levels": null,
 "original_developer": null,
 "original_architect": null,
 "before_notes": null,
 "strategy": [
  "redevelop"
 ],
 "new_use": [
  "mixed",
  "retail",
  "housing"
 ],
 "share_retrofit": null,
 "status": "built",
 "year_retrofit": 2009,
 "developer": null,
 "architect": null,
 "after_notes": "\u2022 Redevelopment: mixed use, new streets",
 "narrative": "Stonebridge Shopping Center, formerly Cloverleaf Mall, was a shopping mall located in Chesterfield County, Virginia on U.S. Route 60 just west of State Route 150. The mall opened in 1972 and featured two anchor stores, JCPenney, and Sears. A third anchor, Thalhimers, opened a year later.",
 "narrative_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
 "narrative_source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonebridge_Shopping_Center",
 "zoning_change": null,
 "public_subsidy": null,
 "entitlement_year": null,
 "planning_notes": null,
 "wikidata_qid": "Q97359418",
 "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonebridge_Shopping_Center",
 "osm_id": null,
 "verified": "curated",
 "verified_by": null,
 "last_verified": null,
 "last_updated": "2026-10-18",
 "created": "2026-10-18",
 "contributor_name": null,
 "contributor_org": null,
 "contributor_link": null,
 "international": 0,
 "county_fips": "51041",
 "opp_score": 20.0,
 "opp_reasons": [
  "retrofit already built",
  "800,000 sq ft GLA (large site)",
  "county grew 9.5% 2018\u201323",
  "median rent $1,542",
  "housing in the record",
  "public owner"
 ],
 "for_sale": 0,
 "distressed": 0,
 "deep": {},
 "elements": [
  {
   "slug": "anchor-jcpenney",
   "name": "JCPenney",
   "grp": "anchor",
   "evidence": "JCPenney",
   "origin": "wikipedia"
  },
  {
   "slug": "anchor-sears",
   "name": "Sears",
   "grp": "anchor",
   "evidence": "Sears",
   "origin": "wikipedia"
  },
  {
   "slug": "era-closed-2000s",
   "name": "Closed 2000s",
   "grp": "era",
   "evidence": "2008",
   "origin": "extraction"
  },
  {
   "slug": "era-opened-1970s",
   "name": "Opened 1970s",
   "grp": "era",
   "evidence": "1972",
   "origin": "esri-closed-us-malls-2014"
  },
  {
   "slug": "era-retrofit-2000s",
   "name": "Retrofit 2000s",
   "grp": "era",
   "evidence": "2009",
   "origin": "arcgis-webmap"
  },
  {
   "slug": "web-social-facebook",
   "name": "On Facebook",
   "grp": "finance",
   "evidence": "https://www.facebook.com/157799520921010",
   "origin": "overture"
  },
  {
   "slug": "web-site-alive",
   "name": "Website alive",
   "grp": "finance",
   "evidence": "http://www.deadmalls.com/malls/cloverleaf_mall.html",
   "origin": "overture / http check"
  },
  {
   "slug": "owner-public",
   "name": "Public body",
   "grp": "owner",
   "evidence": "Chesterfield County",
   "origin": "county-parcels"
  },
  {
   "slug": "place-mall-cluster",
   "name": "3+ other atlas sites within 10 km",
   "grp": "place",
   "evidence": "5 within 10 km",
   "origin": "computed"
  },
  {
   "slug": "place-high-traffic",
   "name": "30,000+ vehicles a day on an adjacent road",
   "grp": "place",
   "evidence": "88,851 on 150",
   "origin": "fhwa-hpms"
  },
  {
   "slug": "place-growing-county",
   "name": "Fast-growing county (8%+ 2018\u201323)",
   "grp": "place",
   "evidence": "9%",
   "origin": "census-acs"
  },
  {
   "slug": "place-grocery-800m",
   "name": "Grocery within 800 m",
   "grp": "place",
   "evidence": "3 stores",
   "origin": "openstreetmap"
  },
  {
   "slug": "place-freeway-frontage",
   "name": "Interstate or freeway within 600 m",
   "grp": "place",
   "evidence": "150",
   "origin": "fhwa-hpms"
  },
  {
   "slug": "place-opportunity-zone",
   "name": "Opportunity Zone",
   "grp": "place",
   "evidence": "51041100210",
   "origin": "hud-oz"
  },
  {
   "slug": "place-renter-majority",
   "name": "Renter-majority tract",
   "grp": "place",
   "evidence": "62%",
   "origin": "census-acs"
  },
  {
   "slug": "place-income-rising",
   "name": "Tract income up 60%+ since 2013",
   "grp": "place",
   "evidence": "+96%",
   "origin": "census-acs"
  },
  {
   "slug": "place-pop-boom-tract",
   "name": "Tract population up 25%+ since 2013",
   "grp": "place",
   "evidence": "+25%",
   "origin": "census-acs"
  },
  {
   "slug": "strategy-redevelop",
   "name": "Redeveloped",
   "grp": "strategy",
   "evidence": "\u2022 Redevelopment: mixed use, new streets",
   "origin": "record"
  },
  {
   "slug": "use-housing",
   "name": "Housing",
   "grp": "use",
   "evidence": "new_use field",
   "origin": "extraction"
  },
  {
   "slug": "use-mixed",
   "name": "Mixed use",
   "grp": "use",
   "evidence": "\u2022 Redevelopment: mixed use, new streets",
   "origin": "extraction"
  },
  {
   "slug": "use-retail",
   "name": "Retail (continued)",
   "grp": "use",
   "evidence": "new_use field",
   "origin": "extraction"
  }
 ],
 "sources": [
  {
   "id": 2443,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonebridge_Shopping_Center",
   "title": "Quoted support for year_closed",
   "publisher": null,
   "date": null,
   "quote": "Cloverleaf Mall permanently closed in 2008.",
   "kind": "wikipedia",
   "license": null,
   "retrieved": "2026-10-18"
  },
  {
   "id": 2444,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonebridge_Shopping_Center",
   "title": "Timeline",
   "publisher": null,
   "date": null,
   "quote": "The mall opened in 1972 and featured two anchors: J. C. Penney and Sears.",
   "kind": "wikipedia",
   "license": null,
   "retrieved": "2026-10-18"
  },
  {
   "id": 2445,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonebridge_Shopping_Center",
   "title": "Timeline",
   "publisher": null,
   "date": null,
   "quote": "Thalhimers was added a year later as a third anchor.",
   "kind": "wikipedia",
   "license": null,
   "retrieved": "2026-10-18"
  },
  {
   "id": 2446,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonebridge_Shopping_Center",
   "title": "Timeline",
   "publisher": null,
   "date": null,
   "quote": "JCPenney closed their Cloverleaf store and moved to Chesterfield Towne Center.",
   "kind": "wikipedia",
   "license": null,
   "retrieved": "2026-10-18"
  },
  {
   "id": 2447,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonebridge_Shopping_Center",
   "title": "Timeline",
   "publisher": null,
   "date": null,
   "quote": "The movie theater, owned by Regal Cinemas at the time, was also closed down in 2001.",
   "kind": "wikipedia",
   "license": null,
   "retrieved": "2026-10-18"
  },
  {
   "id": 2448,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonebridge_Shopping_Center",
   "title": "Timeline",
   "publisher": null,
   "date": null,
   "quote": "Sears and Hecht's, which replaced Thalhimers.",
   "kind": "wikipedia",
   "license": null,
   "retrieved": "2026-10-18"
  },
  {
   "id": 2449,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonebridge_Shopping_Center",
   "title": "Timeline",
   "publisher": null,
   "date": null,
   "quote": "Cloverleaf Mall permanently closed in 2008.",
   "kind": "wikipedia",
   "license": null,
   "retrieved": "2026-10-18"
  },
  {
   "id": 2450,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonebridge_Shopping_Center",
   "title": "Timeline",
   "publisher": null,
   "date": null,
   "quote": "The mall, along with all outparcels... were demolished in 2011.",
   "kind": "wikipedia",
   "license": null,
   "retrieved": "2026-10-18"
  },
  {
   "id": 112,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "url": "https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=6869fc5bfb3f4757954ef7a9e9ccbebf",
   "title": "Esri StoryMaps: Closed_US_Malls feature layer (2014)",
   "publisher": "Esri",
   "date": "2014-10-02",
   "quote": null,
   "kind": "arcgis",
   "license": null,
   "retrieved": "2026-10-18"
  },
  {
   "id": 110,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "url": "https://www.arcgis.com/apps/mapviewer/index.html?webmap=ce33ab2637374aab862b8a23847f620f",
   "title": "Retrofitting Suburbia Interactive Mall Map (ArcGIS web map ce33ab26\u2026)",
   "publisher": null,
   "date": "2021-01-20",
   "quote": null,
   "kind": "news",
   "license": null,
   "retrieved": "2026-10-18"
  },
  {
   "id": 111,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonebridge_Shopping_Center",
   "title": "Wikipedia: Cloverleaf Mall",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "date": "2026-08-24",
   "quote": null,
   "kind": "wikipedia",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
   "retrieved": "2026-10-18"
  }
 ],
 "parties": [
  {
   "name": "Chesterfield County",
   "kind": "owner",
   "role": "owner (from text)",
   "year_from": 2005,
   "year_to": 2011
  }
 ],
 "events": [
  {
   "id": 82,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "date": null,
   "year": 1972,
   "kind": "opened",
   "detail": "Opened",
   "share": null,
   "source_id": null,
   "verified": "curated"
  },
  {
   "id": 1387,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "date": null,
   "year": 1973,
   "kind": "note",
   "detail": "anchor added",
   "share": null,
   "source_id": 2445,
   "verified": "draft"
  },
  {
   "id": 1388,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "date": null,
   "year": 2000,
   "kind": "note",
   "detail": "anchor closed",
   "share": null,
   "source_id": 2446,
   "verified": "draft"
  },
  {
   "id": 1389,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "date": null,
   "year": 2001,
   "kind": "note",
   "detail": "anchor closed",
   "share": null,
   "source_id": 2447,
   "verified": "draft"
  },
  {
   "id": 1390,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "date": null,
   "year": 2003,
   "kind": "note",
   "detail": "anchor closed",
   "share": null,
   "source_id": 2448,
   "verified": "draft"
  },
  {
   "id": 1391,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "date": null,
   "year": 2008,
   "kind": "note",
   "detail": "closed",
   "share": null,
   "source_id": 2449,
   "verified": "draft"
  },
  {
   "id": 83,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "date": null,
   "year": 2009,
   "kind": "retrofit",
   "detail": "Retrofit: redevelop",
   "share": null,
   "source_id": null,
   "verified": "curated"
  },
  {
   "id": 1392,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "date": null,
   "year": 2011,
   "kind": "note",
   "detail": "demolished",
   "share": null,
   "source_id": 2450,
   "verified": "draft"
  }
 ],
 "gallery": [
  {
   "title": "File:Abandoned JCPenney (6946908803).jpg",
   "thumb_url": "https://thumb.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Abandoned_JCPenney_%286946908803%29.jpg/960px-Abandoned_JCPenney_%286946908803%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=thumbnail",
   "desc_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Abandoned_JCPenney_(6946908803).jpg",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 2.0",
   "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0",
   "author": "Will Fisher from Richmond, VA, United States",
   "date": "2011-12-28",
   "source": "commons-geo",
   "checked": null
  }
 ],
 "anchors": [
  {
   "name": "Vacant",
   "wikipedia": null,
   "category": "anchor (Esri 2014 layer)"
  },
  {
   "name": "JCPenney",
   "wikipedia": null,
   "category": "anchor (Esri 2014 layer)"
  },
  {
   "name": "Sears",
   "wikipedia": null,
   "category": "anchor (Esri 2014 layer)"
  },
  {
   "name": "Thalhimers",
   "wikipedia": null,
   "category": "named in text"
  }
 ],
 "deals": [
  {
   "id": 78,
   "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
   "kind": "sale",
   "date": null,
   "year": 2005,
   "price": null,
   "price_per_acre": null,
   "price_per_sqft": null,
   "acres": null,
   "sqft": null,
   "buyer": "Chesterfield County",
   "seller": "previous owner",
   "broker": null,
   "lender": null,
   "loan_amount": null,
   "loan_maturity": null,
   "loan_status": null,
   "asking_price": null,
   "listing_url": null,
   "status": null,
   "notes": "scope: property",
   "source_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonebridge_Shopping_Center",
   "source_title": "Wikipedia",
   "source_date": null,
   "quote": "Chesterfield County didn't approve the church's plans, and purchased the mall instead.",
   "verified": "draft",
   "retrieved": "2026-10-18"
  }
 ],
 "owner_of_record": null,
 "ctx": {
  "assessment": {
   "what_happened": "Opened in 1972 with two anchors and a third added in 1973, Cloverleaf Mall operated until anchor closures in 2000\u20112003 led to its shutdown in 2008. A retrofit began in 2009, the site was demolished in 2011 and rebuilt as mixed\u2011use retail and housing.",
   "why": "The record shows anchor store closures (2000\u20112003) preceded the mall\u2019s closure in 2008, indicating loss of anchors as the primary cause.",
   "where_it_stands": "The site is currently built and under the control of Chesterfield County, which owned the property from 2005 to 2011 per the parties and deals data.",
   "for_a_planner": [
    "Redevelopment strategy already executed, with mixed\u2011use retail and housing built after 2009.",
    "Public ownership (Chesterfield County) facilitated the retrofit and demolition\u2011rebuild process.",
    "Open questions include long\u2011term performance of the mixed\u2011use and integration with surrounding land uses."
   ],
   "for_a_developer": [
    "Site size: 800,000\u202fsq\u202fft GLA; currently built and owned by Chesterfield County.",
    "Entitlement stage: retrofit completed 2009, demolition 2011, new use in place.",
    "Context shows no transit commute share (0.0%), high median household income ($79,079), median gross rent $1,618, low vacancy (8%).",
    "Floodplain, environmental, or other constraints are not specified in the record."
   ],
   "risks_and_unknowns": [
    "Current owner after 2011 is not stated in the record.",
    "Details of the mixed\u2011use component mix, phasing, and any affordability requirements are missing.",
    "Floodplain, environmental, or infrastructure constraints are not provided in the context layers.",
    "Fields such as year_closed and new_use are marked as extraction\u2011derived and may be unreviewed.",
    "Tract\u2011level market signals are available, but site\u2011level sales or lease performance data are absent."
   ],
   "data_quality": "good",
   "one_line": "Cloverleaf Mall opened 1972, lost anchors, closed 2008, redeveloped 2009\u20112011 by Chesterfield County into mixed\u2011use retail and housing for community",
   "model": "nvidia/nemotron-3-super-120b-a12b",
   "machine": "NVIDIA API via Hermes CT",
   "record_sha1": "12760c9a00de"
  },
  "cluster": {
   "within_10km": [
    {
     "id": "m-d57db8336e",
     "name": "Chesterfield Towne Center",
     "city": "Richmond (Chesterfield)",
     "status": "operating",
     "km": 7.3
    },
    {
     "id": "n-52647a0bed",
     "name": "Sauer Center",
     "city": "Richmond",
     "status": "partial",
     "km": 9.3
    },
    {
     "id": "m-7eef88af19",
     "name": "Main Street Station mall",
     "city": "Richmond",
     "status": "unknown",
     "km": 9.5
    },
    {
     "id": "m-115a6f4724",
     "name": "Willow Lawn Shopping Center",
     "city": null,
     "status": "operating",
     "km": 9.6
    },
    {
     "id": "n-8ab97f39d6",
     "name": "Tobacco Row",
     "city": "Richmond",
     "status": "built",
     "km": 9.7
    }
   ],
   "count_10km": 5,
   "count_25km": 9
  },
  "deadmalls": {
   "url": "https://www.deadmalls.com/malls/cloverleaf_mall.html",
   "title": "Cloverleaf Mall: Richmond, VA",
   "match": "name+state+city",
   "index": "https://www.deadmalls.com/stories.html",
   "retrieved": "2026-10-20"
  },
  "elevation": {
   "elevation_ft": 265.6,
   "resolution": 1,
   "source": "USGS EPQS (3DEP)",
   "retrieved": "2026-10-20"
  },
  "env": {
   "count": 9,
   "facilities": [
    {
     "name": "AURA STONEBRIDGE MULTIFAMILY",
     "programs": " ",
     "site_type": "",
     "flags": "",
     "brownfield": false
    },
    {
     "name": "CROWN STATION VA-38",
     "programs": " ",
     "site_type": "",
     "flags": "",
     "brownfield": false
    },
    {
     "name": "FIRESTONE COMPLETE AUTO CARE #020796",
     "programs": " ",
     "site_type": "811111",
     "flags": "",
     "brownfield": false
    },
    {
     "name": "FORMER CLOVERLEAF MALL",
     "programs": " ",
     "site_type": "",
     "flags": "",
     "brownfield": false
    },
    {
     "name": "KROGER #514-029",
     "programs": " ",
     "site_type": "44511",
     "flags": "",
     "brownfield": false
    },
    {
     "name": "SPRING ROCK GREEN PHASE I - PARCEL 6",
     "programs": " ",
     "site_type": "",
     "flags": "",
     "brownfield": false
    },
    {
     "name": "SPRING ROCK GREEN PHASE I-PARCEL 5",
     "programs": " ",
     "site_type": "",
     "flags": "",
     "brownfield": false
    },
    {
     "name": "STONEBRIDGE PHASE 1 AND 2",
     "programs": " ",
     "site_type": "",
     "flags": "",
     "brownfield": false
    },
    {
     "name": "UPS FREIGHT",
     "programs": " ",
     "site_type": "484122",
     "flags": "",
     "brownfield": false
    }
   ],
   "brownfield": false,
   "retrieved": "2026-10-15"
  },
  "fifteen": {
   "grocery": 3,
   "schools": 0,
   "parks": 1,
   "health": 0,
   "civic": 1,
   "food_drink": 23,
   "cycleway_ways": 2,
   "sidewalk_ways": 92,
   "residential_buildings": 1,
   "categories_present": 4,
   "retrieved": "2026-10-15"
  },
  "flood": {
   "zone": "X",
   "subtype": "AREA OF MINIMAL FLOOD HAZARD",
   "sfha": "F",
   "bfe": -9999.0,
   "retrieved": "2026-10-15"
  },
  "food_access": {
   "tract10": "51041100210",
   "urban": 1,
   "lila_1_10": 0,
   "low_access_1mi": 0,
   "poverty_rate": 3.67872470876763,
   "median_family_income": 69615.0,
   "snap_households": 34.0,
   "pop2010": 1637.0,
   "source": "USDA ERS Food Access Research Atlas 2019 (ArcGIS copy)",
   "retrieved": "2026-10-20"
  },
  "housing_market": {
   "zhvi": {
    "latest": 410086,
    "month": "2026-09",
    "change_1y": 0.026,
    "change_5y": 0.259
   },
   "zori": {
    "latest": 1839,
    "month": "2026-09",
    "change_1y": 0.027,
    "change_5y": 0.249
   },
   "county_fips": "51041",
   "source": "Zillow Research (ZHVI, ZORI)"
  },
  "jobs_lodes": {
   "tract20": "51041100210",
   "jobs": 1447,
   "retail_jobs": 331,
   "food_accommodation_jobs": 264,
   "year": 2022,
   "source": "Census LEHD LODES8 WAC 2022 (all jobs, primary and secondary), blocks summed to the 2020 tract",
   "retrieved": "2026-10-20"
  },
  "lihtc": {
   "count_1km": 0,
   "units_1km": 0,
   "li_units_1km": 0,
   "projects": [],
   "retrieved": "2026-10-16"
  },
  "listings": {
   "zip": "23225",
   "month": "202609",
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   "source": "Realtor.com Research, inventory core metrics by ZIP (ZCTA at the site point)",
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    "tornado": "Relatively Low",
    "inland flooding": "Very Low",
    "heat wave": "Relatively Low",
    "wildfire": "Very Low",
    "earthquake": "Relatively Low",
    "hail": "Very Low",
    "strong wind": "Relatively Low",
    "winter weather": "Relatively Low",
    "landslide": "Very Low",
    "ice storm": "Relatively Low",
    "cold wave": "Very Low",
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   "source": "Opportunity Insights, Opportunity Atlas (Chetty, Friedman, Hendren, Jones, Porter 2018)",
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  "oz": {
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  "pageviews": {
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   "total": 11103,
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   "peak_month": "202512",
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   "series": [
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     169
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     194
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     161
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     150
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     155
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     128
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     169
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     180
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     150
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    [
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     165
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    [
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     94
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    [
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     100
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     76
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     93
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     89
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     92
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     91
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    [
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     120
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    [
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     113
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    [
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     105
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    [
     "202401",
     126
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    [
     "202402",
     154
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    [
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     186
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     116
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     117
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     111
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     176
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     171
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    [
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     178
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     221
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     157
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    [
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     222
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    [
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     247
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    [
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     192
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     261
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     150
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    [
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     151
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     173
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     157
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    [
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     197
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     131
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    [
     "202510",
     256
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    [
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     368
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     444
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     "202601",
     380
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     216
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     230
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    [
     "202604",
     179
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    [
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     242
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    [
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     251
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    [
     "202607",
     251
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     "202608",
     234
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    [
     "202609",
     250
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    [
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     2
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   "retrieved": "2026-10-15"
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  "peers": {
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     "name": "Coliseum Mall",
     "city": "Hampton",
     "state": "VA",
     "score": 9.0,
     "why": [
      "similar GLA (991,000 sq ft)",
      "opened 1973",
      "same strategy: redevelop"
     ]
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    {
     "id": "m-9067acff67",
     "name": "Los Arcos Mall",
     "city": "Scottsdale",
     "state": "AZ",
     "score": 8.0,
     "why": [
      "similar GLA (607,350 sq ft)",
      "opened 1969",
      "same strategy: redevelop"
     ]
    },
    {
     "id": "m-a7fde1c2cc",
     "name": "Bannister Mall",
     "city": "Kansas City",
     "state": "MO",
     "score": 8.0,
     "why": [
      "similar GLA (1,014,390 sq ft)",
      "closed 2007",
      "same strategy: redevelop"
     ]
    },
    {
     "id": "m-34b4969480",
     "name": "Century Plaza",
     "city": "Birmingham",
     "state": "AL",
     "score": 8.0,
     "why": [
      "similar GLA (740,000 sq ft)",
      "opened 1975",
      "closed 2009"
     ]
    },
    {
     "id": "m-2e84c47bf5",
     "name": "Rolling Acres Mall",
     "city": "Akron",
     "state": "OH",
     "score": 8.0,
     "why": [
      "similar GLA (1,014,000 sq ft)",
      "opened 1975",
      "closed 2008"
     ]
    },
    {
     "id": "m-4b1dccac66",
     "name": "Southwyck Mall",
     "city": "Toledo",
     "state": "OH",
     "score": 8.0,
     "why": [
      "similar GLA (850,000 sq ft)",
      "opened 1972",
      "closed 2008"
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   "method": "size, era, strategy, status, type, state, distance"
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   "2024": {
    "units_1": 1845,
    "units_2_4": 0,
    "units_5plus": 462,
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   "2023": {
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    "units_2_4": 4,
    "units_5plus": 1456,
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   "retrieved": "2026-10-18"
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  "qcew_retail": {
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   "establishments": 916,
   "employment": 18635,
   "avg_annual_pay": 40167,
   "lq_employment": 1.27,
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   "source": "BLS QCEW 2025 annual, county, NAICS 44-45 retail trade, private",
   "retrieved": "2026-10-20"
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   "source": "NCES EDGE",
   "retrieved": "2026-10-20"
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   "years": "2016-2025",
   "events": 348,
   "by_type": {
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    "Flash Flood": 81,
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    "Funnel Cloud": 2
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   "note": "county-typed events only; events logged to forecast zones (CZ_TYPE Z: most winter, heat, flood and coastal events) are not counted",
   "source": "NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files",
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   "y2023": {
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   "class": "freeway or expressway",
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   "year": "2024",
   "source": "FHWA HPMS",
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     "title": "Cloverleaf Mall",
     "page": "https://ar.inspiredpencil.com/pictures-2023/cloverleaf-mall",
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     "title": "Cloverleaf Mall - 1970s",
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     "page": "http://www.mallmanac.com/2013/05/no-supply-no-demand-cloverleaf-mall.html",
     "host": "mallmanac.com",
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    {
     "title": "27 archive photos of Cloverleaf Mall in Chesterfield, VA",
     "page": "https://richmond.com/news/local/history/collection_d57e5a2e-abd2-11e4-8699-2faed04a8a42.html",
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     "img": "https://bloximages.newyork1.vip.townnews.com/richmond.com/content/tncms/assets/v3/editorial/a/0f/a0faa034-abd0-11e4-a191-478a28e4549d/54d1103f09ffd.image.jpg?resize=1200%2C831",
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    {
     "title": "Cloverleaf Mall",
     "page": "https://fity.club/lists/suggestions/Cloverleaf-Mall/",
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     "img": "https://preview.redd.it/cloverleaf-mall-richmond-virginia-circa-1973-from-an-ad-for-v0-y86z5i2vtq0a1.jpg?width=1080&crop=smart&auto=webp&s=ac5c554f568e062d133a4b4f5d0bab5feae97758",
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    {
     "title": "Cloverleaf Mall, Richmond, VA",
     "page": "http://mallmanac.blogspot.com/2013/05/no-supply-no-demand-cloverleaf-mall.html",
     "host": "mallmanac.blogspot.com",
     "img": "https://i.pinimg.com/originals/b0/93/6c/b0936c96f00c9a94157c965153c1a968.jpg",
     "engine": "pinterest"
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    {
     "title": "Sears/Cloverleaf Mall",
     "page": "http://www.flickr.com/photos/56734850@N03/6736925269",
     "host": "flickr.com",
     "img": "https://i.pinimg.com/originals/81/7e/43/817e43c51e830c51c614eb59a5be4fba.jpg",
     "engine": "pinterest"
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   ],
   "refs": [],
   "query": "\"Cloverleaf Mall\" Richmond VA",
   "retrieved": "2026-10-15"
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  "web_presence": {
   "websites": [
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   ],
   "socials": [
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   ],
   "phones": [
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   "platforms": [
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   "overture_id": "711bd70c-8a68-4292-9c96-ff68794ff156",
   "website_status": 200,
   "website_final": "https://www.deadmalls.com/malls/cloverleaf_mall.html",
   "website_alive": true,
   "retrieved": "2026-10-15",
   "wayback": {
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    "first_capture": "20010302",
    "last_capture": "20261007",
    "pages_of_captures": 1,
    "archive_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/*/www.deadmalls.com",
    "retrieved": "2026-10-16"
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  }
 },
 "parcels": [],
 "url": "https://retrofitatlas.org/malls/va/richmond-cloverleaf-mall/",
 "photo": {
  "id": 13,
  "site_id": "m-3b6b5f47cc",
  "stage": "after",
  "file": "/img/richmond-cloverleaf-mall.jpg",
  "src_url": "https://thumb.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Abandoned_JCPenney_%286946908803%29.jpg/960px-Abandoned_JCPenney_%286946908803%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=thumbnail",
  "commons_title": "File:Abandoned_JCPenney_(6946908803).jpg",
  "author": "Will Fisher from Richmond, VA, United States",
  "license": "CC BY-SA 2.0",
  "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0",
  "credit": "Abandoned JCPenney",
  "taken": null,
  "width": 5184,
  "height": 3456,
  "is_key": 1,
  "caption": "Interior of an abandoned shopping mall with empty space and structural columns.",
  "checked": "ok:interior:3"
 },
 "provenance": {
  "*": "arcgis-webmap",
  "wikidata_qid": "wikidata",
  "narrative": "wikipedia",
  "gla_sqft": "esri-closed-us-malls-2014",
  "stores_peak": "esri-closed-us-malls-2014",
  "year_opened": "esri-closed-us-malls-2014",
  "county": "esri-closed-us-malls-2014",
  "address": "esri-closed-us-malls-2014",
  "year_closed": "extraction",
  "new_use": "extraction",
  "authors_title": "arcgis-webmap",
  "authors_text": "arcgis-webmap",
  "authors_layer": "arcgis-webmap",
  "after_notes": "arcgis-webmap",
  "year_retrofit": "arcgis-webmap",
  "status": "derived from authors' map (retrofit year present)"
 }
}