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   "why": "The record shows the arcade was threatened with destruction in 1960 and demolished in 1963 as part of a redevelopment strategy; specific causes such as anchor loss, competition, or debt are not stated.",
   "where_it_stands": "The site is now demolished and occupied by a tower block owned by 55 Degrees North, per the 1963 sale from Newcastle upon Tyne Council.",
   "for_a_planner": [
    "Precedent: ownership shifted from local businessmen to the Newcastle upon Tyne Savings Bank in 1838, showing long\u2011term private control.",
    "Policy tools: a zoning change to \"shopping mall\" and a redevelopment strategy were recorded.",
    "Open questions: what motivated the 1960 threat and demolition, and what future uses are envisaged for the tower block site."
   ],
   "for_a_developer": [
    "Site size and original footprint are not provided in the record.",
    "Control currently lies with 55 Degrees North following the 1963 sale; no further ownership changes are recorded.",
    "Entitlement stage: the original structure is demolished; the tower block is already built, so no further entitlements are needed.",
    "Context\u2011layer constraints (flood, transit, environment) and market signals from tract data are absent from the record."
   ],
   "risks_and_unknowns": [
    "Opening date and original scale of the arcade are unknown.",
    "Exact reasons for the 1960 threat and 1963 demolition are not stated.",
    "Environmental, flood, or transit constraints on the site are not recorded.",
    "Current condition and any remaining subsurface structures of the original arcade are unknown.",
    "The verification status is \"draft,\" indicating the data may be incomplete or unreviewed."
   ],
   "data_quality": "partial",
   "one_line": "Royal Arcade, a 19th\u2011century market turned mall, was demolished in 1963 and replaced by the 55 Degrees North tower block.",
   "model": "nvidia/nemotron-3-super-120b-a12b",
   "machine": "NVIDIA API via Hermes CT",
   "record_sha1": "7831d566c7b9"
  },
  "overture": {
   "candidates": 4212,
   "retrieved": "2026-10-15",
   "building": {
    "id": "ca6a012a-bd51-436e-a051-4dea9d590de6",
    "area_m2": 3476,
    "height_m": 18.92794418334961,
    "levels": 10,
    "class": null,
    "names": "55 Degrees North",
    "contains_point": true,
    "km": 0.01,
    "explore": "https://explore.overturemaps.org/?feature=buildings.building.ca6a012a-bd51-436e-a051-4dea9d590de6#17/54.97150/-1.60860"
   },
   "large_buildings_nearby": 12,
   "buildings_done": true
  },
  "peers": {
   "peers": [
    {
     "id": "m-72607b3946",
     "name": "St John's Market",
     "city": "Liverpool",
     "state": null,
     "score": 5.5,
     "why": [
      "closed 1964",
      "same strategy: redevelop"
     ]
    },
    {
     "id": "n-2e9af95703",
     "name": "Dayton's-Schuneman building",
     "city": "Saint Paul",
     "state": "MN",
     "score": 5.5,
     "why": [
      "closed 1963",
      "same strategy: redevelop"
     ]
    },
    {
     "id": "n-a6cdb9d372",
     "name": "Echelon Airfield",
     "city": "Voorhees Township",
     "state": "NJ",
     "score": 5.5,
     "why": [
      "closed 1965",
      "same strategy: redevelop"
     ]
    },
    {
     "id": "m-a71295f38f",
     "name": "Northern Liberty Market",
     "city": "Washington",
     "state": "DC",
     "score": 4.5,
     "why": [
      "closed 1963",
      "same strategy: redevelop"
     ]
    },
    {
     "id": "m-2bfe927a3e",
     "name": "Aberdeen Market",
     "city": "Aberdeen",
     "state": null,
     "score": 4.0,
     "why": [
      "same strategy: redevelop"
     ]
    },
    {
     "id": "m-3e6e0ff9ac",
     "name": "Beauty World Market",
     "city": "Bukit Timah",
     "state": null,
     "score": 4.0,
     "why": [
      "same strategy: redevelop"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "method": "size, era, strategy, status, type, state, distance"
  },
  "transit": {
   "rail_stations": [
    "Haymarket",
    "Manors",
    "Monument",
    "Newcastle"
   ],
   "bus_stops": 41,
   "bus_stations": [],
   "motorway_junctions": [
    "New Bridge Street Roundabout",
    "Redheugh Bridge Roundabout",
    "Swan House Roundabout",
    "junction"
   ],
   "retrieved": "2026-10-15"
  },
  "web": {
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     "title": "The Royal Arcade, Pilgrim Street, Newcastle-upon-\u2026",
     "page": "https://www.alamy.com/the-royal-arcade-pilgrim-street-newcastle-upon-tyne-england-seen-here-in-the-19th-century-the-building-was-demolished-in-1963-from-old-england-a-pictorial-museum-published-1847-image185413705.html",
     "host": "alamy.com",
     "img": "https://l450v.alamy.com/450v/agk58a/bar-55-pilgrim-street-newcastle-upon-tyne-uk-agk58a.jpg",
     "engine": "bing images"
    },
    {
     "title": "The Royal Arcade - All You SHOULD Know Before \u2026",
     "page": "https://www.tripadvisor.com/Attraction_Review-g186338-d6416488-Reviews-The_Royal_Arcade-London_England.html",
     "host": "tripadvisor.com",
     "img": "https://dynamic-media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-o/1a/90/a9/bd/20200110-175830-largejpg.jpg?w=800&h=800&s=1",
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    },
    {
     "title": "1832 - Royal Arcade, Newcastle upon Tyne - A\u2026",
     "page": "https://www.archiseek.com/interior-royal-arcade-newcastle/",
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     "img": "https://www.archiseek.com/wp-content/gallery/uk-england-newcastle/0038.jpg",
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    },
    {
     "title": "The Royal Arcade, Newcastle upon Tyne by \u2026",
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     "host": "meisterdrucke.uk",
     "img": "https://www.meisterdrucke.uk/kunstwerke/1260px/John Dobson - The Royal Arcade Newcastle upon Tyne (bodycolour  ink  watercolour on paper (on paper)) - (MeisterDrucke-204793).jpg",
     "engine": "bing images"
    },
    {
     "title": "Royal Arcade, Newcastle (demolished 1963) | Co-\u2026",
     "page": "https://co-curate.ncl.ac.uk/royal-arcade/",
     "host": "co-curate.ncl.ac.uk",
     "img": "https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2789/4090496897_b1788d8a2a_z.jpg",
     "engine": "bing images"
    },
    {
     "title": "Royal Arcade, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wea\u2026",
     "page": "https://www.heritage-images.com/preview/royal-arcade-newcastle-upon-tyne-tyne-wear-c1963-c1964-creator-ursula-2708227",
     "host": "heritage-images.com",
     "img": "https://d2jrby88yvgyu2.cloudfront.net/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJoaXAtc2VvLXByZXZpZXdzIiwia2V5Ijoicm95YWwtYXJjYWRlLW5ld2Nhc3RsZS11cG9uLXR5bmUtdHluZS13ZWFyLWMxOTYzLWMxOTY0LWNyZWF0b3ItdXJzdWxhLTI3MDgyMjcuanBnIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo2NDAsImhlaWdodCI6NjQwLCJmaXQiOiJpbnNpZGUifSwib3ZlcmxheVdpdGgiOnsiYnVja2V0IjoiaGlwLXN0YXRpYyIsImtleSI6Im5ld3NpdGUvbWlzYy9DX3dhdGVybWFya192NF9pdGFsaWMucG5nIiwiYWxwaGEiOjUwLCJ3UmF0aW8iOjkwLCJoUmF0aW8iOjkwfX19?signature=6c26277f8d90c4fb74369dbcf2854d659a7a45edeb9a755f6706ca73ccca5acb",
     "engine": "bing images"
    },
    {
     "title": "Royal Arcade, Newcastle stock image | Look and L\u2026",
     "page": "https://www.lookandlearn.com/history-images/M817934/Royal-Arcade-Newcastle",
     "host": "lookandlearn.com",
     "img": "https://www.lookandlearn.com/history-images/preview/M/M817/M817934_Royal-Arcade-Newcastle.jpg",
     "engine": "bing images"
    },
    {
     "title": "Image of Royal Arcade, Newcastle upon Tyne, 1\u2026",
     "page": "https://www.bridgemanimages.com/en-US/forsyth/royal-arcade-newcastle-upon-tyne-1960-b-w-photo/black-and-white-photograph/asset/1768749",
     "host": "bridgemanimages.com",
     "img": "https://images-cdn.bridgemanimages.com/api/1.0/image/600wm.XXX.82917710.7055475/1768749.jpg",
     "engine": "bing images"
    }
   ],
   "refs": [],
   "query": "\"Royal Arcade, Newcastle upon Tyne\" United Kingdom",
   "retrieved": "2026-10-15"
  }
 },
 "parcels": [],
 "url": "https://retrofitatlas.org/other/united-kingdom/newcastle-upon-tyne-royal-arcade-newcastle-upon-tyne/",
 "photo": null,
 "provenance": {
  "*": "wikipedia",
  "city": "gapfill-2026-10-16/nominatim-reverse",
  "year_closed": "extraction",
  "original_developer": "extraction",
  "original_architect": "extraction",
  "year_retrofit": "extraction",
  "after_notes": "extraction",
  "status": "extraction",
  "strategy": "extraction",
  "new_use": "extraction",
  "zoning_change": "extraction"
 },
 "links_out": [
  {
   "group": "reference",
   "label": "Wikipedia article",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Arcade%2C_Newcastle_upon_Tyne",
   "why": "the encyclopedia article for this site (CC BY-SA)",
   "from": "site.wikipedia",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "reference",
   "label": "Wikidata item Q136360357",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136360357",
   "why": "the structured-data item: identifiers, coordinates, images, other-language articles",
   "from": "site.wikidata_qid",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "reference",
   "label": "Wikimedia Commons photos within 500 m",
   "url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Search&search=nearcoord%3A500m%2C54.9715%2C-1.6086&ns6=1",
   "why": "a Commons geo-search around the point; licences vary by file",
   "from": "site.lat/lon",
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  },
  {
   "group": "reference",
   "label": "Retrofitting Suburbia (book site)",
   "url": "https://www.retrofittingsuburbia.com/",
   "why": "Ellen Dunham-Jones and June Williamson's book and case studies, the research this database is built on",
   "from": "constant",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "place",
   "label": "Google Maps",
   "url": "https://www.google.com/maps/search/?api=1&query=54.9715%2C-1.6086",
   "why": "the point on Google Maps",
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  },
  {
   "group": "place",
   "label": "Street View",
   "url": "https://www.google.com/maps/@?api=1&map_action=pano&viewpoint=54.9715%2C-1.6086",
   "why": "the nearest Street View panorama",
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  },
  {
   "group": "place",
   "label": "Bing Maps",
   "url": "https://www.bing.com/maps?cp=54.9715~-1.6086&lvl=17",
   "why": "the point on Bing Maps (Bird's eye where available)",
   "from": "site.lat/lon",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "place",
   "label": "Apple Maps",
   "url": "https://maps.apple.com/?ll=54.9715,-1.6086&z=17&q=Royal%20Arcade%2C%20Newcastle%20upon%20Tyne",
   "why": "the point on Apple Maps",
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   "rel": "noopener"
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  {
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   "label": "OpenStreetMap",
   "url": "https://www.openstreetmap.org/?mlat=54.9715&mlon=-1.6086#map=17/54.9715/-1.6086",
   "why": "the point on OpenStreetMap",
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   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "place",
   "label": "Walk Score at this point",
   "url": "https://www.walkscore.com/score/loc/lat=54.9715/lng=-1.6086",
   "why": "Walk Score's walkability, transit and bike scores for the coordinates",
   "from": "site.lat/lon",
   "rel": "noopener nofollow"
  },
  {
   "group": "place",
   "label": "Transitland map",
   "url": "https://www.transit.land/map#17/54.9715/-1.6086",
   "why": "transit routes and stops from open GTFS feeds around the point",
   "from": "site.lat/lon",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "place",
   "label": "USGS National Map",
   "url": "https://apps.nationalmap.gov/viewer/?center=-1.6086,54.9715&zoom=16",
   "why": "topographic and elevation layers from the USGS",
   "from": "site.lat/lon",
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  {
   "group": "news",
   "label": "Google News: \u201cRoyal Arcade, Newcastle upon Tyne\u201d",
   "url": "https://news.google.com/search?q=%22Royal+Arcade%2C+Newcastle+upon+Tyne%22+Newcastle+upon+Tyne",
   "why": "news search for the site name and city",
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  },
  {
   "group": "news",
   "label": "Bing News: \u201cRoyal Arcade, Newcastle upon Tyne\u201d",
   "url": "https://www.bing.com/news/search?q=%22Royal+Arcade%2C+Newcastle+upon+Tyne%22+Newcastle+upon+Tyne",
   "why": "news search for the site name and city",
   "from": "site.name + city \u2192 search",
   "rel": "noopener nofollow"
  }
 ]
}